UNITED KINGDOM PERSPECTIVE

London frames Iran's Hormuz toll proposal as a violation of international trade norms. The Independent attacks the subject through maritime law: tolls contravene the freedom of navigation enshrined in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), to which Iran is a signatory. This legal framing is characteristic of the British approach — the UK, a former naval power and historical guardian of Gulf maritime routes, sees tolls as an existential threat to the global commercial order. London does not comment on the ceasefire in geopolitical or military terms — it defends the principle of free passage on the seas, a vital interest for an island economy dependent on maritime trade.