ITALIE PERSPECTIVE

Italian media coverage, represented by ANSA, adopts a solidarity-focused European perspective that prioritizes international diplomatic order over American unilateralism. Emphasis is placed on the legitimacy of the Spanish position, presented as a defender of 'international legality' and diplomatic solutions, contrasting with the 'Russian roulette' that military actions would represent. The historical parallel with Iraq in 2003 is central, serving as a historical lesson to justify current European caution.

The dominant tone oscillates between geopolitical concern and implicit criticism of the Trumpian approach. The metaphor of 'Russian roulette' conveys a sense of alarm at the risks of escalation, while the evocation of the 'Azores trio' (reference to the Bush-Blair-Aznar alliance) carries a subtle accusatory charge against past military adventures. Voice is given primarily to European leaders (Sánchez, Starmer) who embody diplomatic wisdom in the face of American impulsivity.

The silences are revealing: no mention of Israeli or American security concerns regarding Iran, nor of strategic arguments justifying the military operation. The Iranian position is also absent from the narrative. The article minimizes intra-European divisions by not developing German criticisms, merely mentioning Spanish 'surprise' at Berlin's lack of solidarity on military spending.

The narrative framing structures a binary opposition between, on one side, 'peacemakers' (Spain, post-Brexit United Kingdom, implicitly Europe) and on the other 'warmongers' (United States, with Israel in the background). This reading grid reveals the structural biases of Italian diplomacy: preservation of European strategic autonomy, mistrust of military interventions, and positioning as a Mediterranean mediator. Italy, through ANSA, thus positions itself as guardian of European diplomatic wisdom in the face of American hegemonic temptations.