US strikes Hormuz, Iran hits back at Jordan and the Emirates: first exchange of fire in a month

South Africa

2 SOURCES

Barrel, Budgets, and Imported Inflation · 4 of 14 countries

Pretoria is gauging the Iran-US escalation in terms of dollars per barrel rather than human losses, and sees it as proof that a naval blockade is succeeding where decades of sanctions have failed.

Germany

incl. 2 state outlets

3 SOURCES

Disputed Toll, Editorial Caution · 4 of 14 countries

Berlin is deciphering the resurgence of hostilities through the lens of the G20 summit: as the German government seeks to navigate the situation, Finance Minister Lars Klingbeil is looking to establish new trade partnerships in Asheville, while its allies are being urged to economically isolate Tehran.

Argentina

3 SOURCES

Disputed Toll, Editorial Caution · 4 of 14 countries

Buenos Aires is reconstructing the exchange of fire between Washington and Tehran hour by hour, focusing on the disputed tolls and crossed denials rather than the immediate oil consequences of the crisis.

United States

6 SOURCES

Direct Actors and Regional Mediation · 4 of 14 countries

The United States government carefully distinguishes its retaliatory strike from a return to open war: CENTCOM refers to a "limited action" against the mining of the strait, while the Pentagon assesses a campaign of periodic strikes to contain Tehran without expanding the war objectives.

France

5 SOURCES

Disputed Toll, Editorial Caution · 4 of 14 countries

France sees in the internal Pentagon warnings, revealed by the Washington Post and relayed by L'Express, the real risk of this exchange of fire: a US military with dwindling missile stocks, not just a temporary escalation.

India

3 SOURCES

Barrel, Budgets, and Imported Inflation · 4 of 14 countries

New Delhi first estimates the oil bill for this resurgence of hostilities: Brent and WTI surge as soon as the markets open, even before the military assessment of the strike on Larak.

Iran

2 SOURCES

Direct Actors and Regional Mediation · 4 of 14 countries

Tehran defends its strikes in Jordan and the Emirates as an exercise of legitimate self-defense, while also claiming exclusive control of the southern route of the Strait of Hormuz in the face of the United States.

Israel

3 SOURCES

Direct Actors and Regional Mediation · 4 of 14 countries

Jerusalem sees Iran's choice of targets as a calculated move: Tehran is targeting Jordan and the UAE to avoid a direct Israeli response, while also targeting regional partners of the US.

Nigeria

3 SOURCES

Barrel, Budgets, and Imported Inflation · 4 of 14 countries

Nigeria's capital, Abuja, is taking a cautious approach to the ambivalence of a barrel of oil rising above $90: a potential boost to the budget, but a heavy domestic bill that households are already struggling to pay.

Pakistan

5 SOURCES

Barrel, Budgets, and Imported Inflation · 4 of 14 countries

Islamabad is gauging the cost of its own diplomatic success: the June agreement, which Tehran calls the "Islamabad memorandum", is unraveling with the resumption of hostilities and the surge in oil prices above $91 a barrel.

Qatar

incl. 1 state outlet

3 SOURCES

Direct Actors and Regional Mediation · 4 of 14 countries

Doha condemns Iranian strikes on Jordan and the Emirates as a dangerous escalation, but is mainly concerned about the risk this resurgence of hostilities poses to its own mediation efforts, which were launched last week in Tehran alongside Oman and Pakistan.

United Kingdom

3 SOURCES

Disputed Toll, Editorial Caution · 4 of 14 countries

London is weighing an exchange of fire with still unclear consequences, where its own maritime agency, the UKMTO, documents an unclaimed attack on a tanker off the coast of Oman.

Russia

STATE MEDIA

2 SOURCES

Critical Reading of the US Narrative · 2 of 14 countries

Moscow highlights the flaws in the US account of the strikes against Iran, citing AI-generated videos and the lack of independent evidence of the announced bombings on Kharg Island.

Singapore

2 SOURCES

Critical Reading of the US Narrative · 2 of 14 countries

Singapore is feeling the oil shock from the resumption of hostilities between Washington and Tehran, more so than the military developments themselves, as the city-state thrives on refining and crude oil trading.