GERMANY PERSPECTIVE

Berlin offers the deepest analysis of the nuclear file. Deutsche Welle delivers a precise chronology: in early May 2026, South Korean intelligence revealed that Pyongyang codified into law an "automatic nuclear launch" policy if the central command-and-control apparatus or Kim himself were targeted by "hostile forces." In April 2026, US Assistant Secretary of Defense Robert Kadlec told the Senate Armed Services Committee that North Korean nuclear forces "are increasingly capable of targeting the US" and that its missile forces "can strike South Korea and Japan with nuclear or conventional warheads. These forces are growing in size and sophistication, and they present a clear and present danger of nuclear attack." For Berlin, these two facts — launch automation + US strike capability — change the nature of the debate. Kelsey Davenport (Arms Control Association) tells DW it has been "years since the United States has had an effective strategy and serious engagement policy toward North Korea." But Davenport adds: the US and allies "should not give up on denuclearization as an end goal." DW notes that Pyongyang's nuclear program has drawn little attention during Trump's second term, despite Trump having met Kim three times during 2018-2019 with no results. Berlin recalls that the 2026 Annual Threat Assessment published in March considers Pyongyang "committed to expanding its strategic weapons programs, including missiles and nuclear warheads, to solidify its deterrent capability." A 2025 assessment indicated Kim is prioritizing the development of tactical nuclear weapons, "smaller and lighter," as well as "ultra-large nuclear warheads." For Berlin, the stakes are diplomatic in the strong sense: you do not negotiate with a state that reserves automatic launch.